Research shows that innovations diffuse gradually rather than rapidly, because their usefulness is not immediately apparent to some adopters. These adopters need to learn about the value of the innovation prior to adoption. Although the importance of learning is recognized in most analytical...

In this paper, we empirically examine the capital budgeting process of a large multi-divisional firm and the implications of the dynamics that underlie this process. Although investment decisions are one of the most important decisions made by firms, relatively little is known about the capital...

In assessing the performance of the CEO, subjectivity by the board of directors is often present in one form or another. We specifically focus on: (1) the ex ante option to ex post override a formula-based contract (“discretionary bonus”), and (2) the ex ante absence of any formula in a...