In this note, we revisit minimum quality standards (MQS) under a vertically differentiated duopoly. We generalize the model in Ronnen (1991) and Valletti (2000) by introducing asymmetry into the fixed cost of quality improvement and by explicitly taking into account the endogeneity of quality...

In this paper, we examine strategic R&D policy for quality-differentiated products in a thirdmarket trade model. We extend the previous work by adding a third exporting country, so that the market structure is international triopoly. We show that the presence of the third exporting country...

We examine the optimal R&D subsidy/tax policy under a vertically differentiated duopoly. In a significant departure from the existing work, we consider the case of asymmetric costs of product R&D where there is a small technology gap between firms. In our analysis, the endogeneity of quality...

Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures are important policy instruments to regulate food safety and to protect the domestic ecosystem from biological invasions. However, these measures may also be used to protect domestic producers from international competition. The World Trade...

In this paper, we investigate empirically how firms' choices of globalization mode differ according to their productivity and Tobin's q using firm-level data of Japanese firms. Our findings support predictions by Helpman, Melitz, and Yeaple (2004) and by Chen, Horstmann, and Markusen (2008)....

Illegal extractions of renewable resources threaten sustainable use of those resources. The world community has recently paid increasing attention to the issue of illegal logging. This paper tries to explain why it is important to exclude illegally logged timber from the international market by...

In this study, we investigate how the innovative performance of local firms in host countries affects the structure of foreign direct investment (FDI) by multinational enterprises (MNEs) using Japanese firm-level data and patent application data for host countries of Japanese FDI at the United...

In this study, we overview the current situation of international trade in creative goods and investigate the determinants of trade in cultural goods. According to the statistical data provided by the United Nations, China is currently the world's largest exporter of creative goods and also...

The WTO members are conducting negotiations to clarify and improve disciplines on fisheries subsidies at the Doha Round. In this paper, I investigate how worldwide subsidy reform in the fisheries sector could affect fisheries output and resource stocks in a trading equilibrium. Using a simple...