Prostate cancer is the most common solid tumor in American men and is screened for using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. We report on a nonstationary partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) for prostate biopsy referral decisions. The core states are the patients' prostate...

As a clean and highly valuable renewable energy, wind energy has gradually become an important branch of energy technology. By means of measurement methods, the wind characteristics, energy applications for distributed wind energy source (DWES) in six sites in Henduan Mountains and economic...

We describe a simulation optimization method to design PSA screening policies based on expected quality adjusted life years (QALYs). Our method integrates a simulation model in a genetic algorithm which uses a probabilistic method for selection of the best policy. We present computational...