There is no parity of esteem between academic and vocational qualifications in the labour market. Data from the Labour Force Survey show that on average men and women working full-time with academic qualifications at one level in the national qualifications framework earn about the same as men...

Evidence is presented for the UK, the US and France that the pace of change in the structure of employment by occupation has not been accelerating. Changes in the occupational structure of employment are taken to proxy changes in the net demand for labour by skill level. Efforts are made to make...

The National Education and Training Targets appear to dominate the public policy debate, though outside of policy making and influencing circles they are in fact little known. This paper argues that the definition of and measurement of progress towards those Targets are based on equivalence...

The paper sets out two things. Firstly, average living standards in Britain are not that far out of line with other Western European countries. One source of data shows that by 193 the gap in manufacturing productivity between Britain and Germany, France and the Netherlands had been more or less...

This paper uses the Census, the General Household and New Earnings Surveys, and OECD data, to look at trends in the dispersion of pay and the returns to education, the supply of and demand for different types of labour and the supply of qualifications. It casts doubt on the ability of a simple...

The paper looks at the change in the occupational and educational structure of employment in Britain over the period 1984 94. It shows that changes in the occupational structure of employment can only explain a modest part of the increase in the holding of qualifications by the employed...

We develop a sequence of tests for specifying the cointegrating rank of, possiblyfractional, multiple time series. Memory parameters of observables are treated asunknown, as are those of possible cointegrating errors. The individual test statisticshave standard null asymptotics, and are related...

We consider a multivariate continuous time process, generated by a system of linear stochastic differential equations, driven by white noise and involving coefficients that possibly vary over time. The process is observable only at discrete, but not necessarily equally-spaced, time points...