The UK and Sweden have the lowest smoking rates in the European Union as a result of consumers switching from cigarettes to low risk nicotine products. Public Health England and other health organisations have concluded that the health risks of vaping are unlikely to exceed 5% of the risks of...

With production activity tending rapidly towards international fragmentation, this study examines the consequences for labour countries of the forms of specialisation brought about by fragmentation processes. It further addresses the risk that fragmented sectors may become excluded from greater...

During the hundred-year period from about 1320 to about 1420, the Florentine woollen cloth industry underwent two closely connected crises. The first crisis was the consequence, direct and indirect, of the ravages of warfare and falling population, afflicting the entire Mediterranean basin and...

If trade barriers are managed by inefficient institutions, trade liberalization can lead to greater-than-expected gains. We examine Chinese textile and clothing exports before and after the elimination of externally imposed export quotas. Both the surge in export volume and the decline in export...

On 1 January 2005, the international trade in textile and clothing was freed from the quota restrictions that had persisted for more than four decades. This study tests one of the predictions that countries effectively constrained by quotas in the major world markets will increase their exports...

This paper explores the topological structure of the network of trade in textiles and clothing (T&C) that were governed by the multi-fibre arrangement (MFA)—a quantitative restriction on developing countries’ exports to developed countries. Trade relations between small remote island...

Commissioned by the European Commission, the Final Report for the EU-Canada Sustainability Impact Assessment (SIA) on the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) provides a comprehensive assessment of the potential impacts of trade liberalisation under CETA. The analysis...

The Philippine garments industry grew rapidly under the quota system of the MultiFiber Agreement (MFA). However, in the post-MFA environment, the industry has been shrinking continuously. One solution being pursued by the government is the development of a bilateral sector-focused free-trade...

The relevance of outward looking/export-oriented strategies over the inward looking/import-substitution (I-S) strategies is highly debated in policy circles. This paper tries to locate the Textiles and Clothing (T&C) sector in five major countries of South Asia in the light of these theoretical...

Using the dismantling of the Multi-fibre Arrangement quotas on Chinese textile products in conjunction with China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), within firms adjustments to intensified low-wage competition is analyzed. Employing Danish employer-employee matched data covering...