The policy focus on excessive leverage in the euro area has raised interest in developing comprehensive analytical approaches to better understand the interrelationship between leverage and deleveraging processes across economic agents. In particular, the interplay between government debt and...

Die öffentlichen Kassen in Deutschland sind derzeit prall gefüllt und werden dies auch vorerst bleiben. Die Überschüsse sind aber nicht mit dem vorhandenen Spielraum gleichzusetzen. Mittelfristig wird sich zum einen die Entlastung der öffentlichen Haushalte bei den Zinsausgaben nach und...

Main changes have occurred in the comprehension and practice of fiscal policy over the last century. In this paper we do a brief historical account and show that the prominence of fiscal policy as a policy tool has waxed and waned, a condition that has hindered the capability of researchers to...

The paper analyses the EU fiscal rules from a political economy perspective and derives some policy lessons. Following a literature survey, the paper stresses the importance of appropriate incentives for rule compliance in an environment where national fiscal sovereignty precludes the option of...

Die öffentlichen Haushalte werden in den Jahren 2016 und 2017 mit Überschüssen abschließen; gemessen an der nominalen Wirtschaftsleistung liegen sie in beiden Jahren bei etwa einem halben Prozent. Steuereinnahmen und Sozialbeiträge nehmen kräftig zu, die Ausgaben expandieren im...

Procesy globalizacji oraz procesy integracji europejskiej wymuszaja zmiany polityki fiskalnej poszczegolnych panstw czlonkowskich zjednoczonej Europy. Unia Europejska dazac do harmonijnego wzrostu i zrownowazonego rozwoju przy okreslonych celach inflacyjnych wymusza przestrzeganie regul...

This paper presents a framework for analysing the evolution of the structural government deficit estimated using the official EU methodology relevant for the Stability and Growth Pact. The focus of our framework lies in the analysis of the main driving forces of changes in estimated structural...

In both academic research and policymaking, public sector debt and debt-to-GDP ratios are relied on for a multitude of important economic, political and socioeconomic decisions, especially as public sector balance sheets expand to an unprecedented size in the midst of the 2019-2020 COVID...

This paper summarizes unprecedented adverse health and economic impacts as well as policy responses in the Asia and Pacific region and the rest of the world generated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. By the end of 2020, over 80 million people had been infected, with...

Over the last few decades, real interest rates have trended downward in many countries. The most common explanation is that this reflects depressed demand due to demographic, technological and other real factors such as income inequality. In this paper we explore the claim that these trends may...