The aim of the paper is to analyze how corruption contributes to the spread of shadow economy and damages viable economic development of any country. The unfreedoms that are created under the conditions of illegal transactions and corrupt practices considerably limit the opportunities of...

The Society perceives the dangers as threats, challenges and risks. Risk is defined as direct and assumed threat. Most of all, the highest risks in modern society are likely asymmetric.They include the whole sphere of human activity and they are accompanying man in almost everything he does. As...

Starting an innovation project assumes to state some competitive objectives referring to the allocated budget, time limit for project’s ending and also to the quality and performance parameters of the new obtained product. Referring to the innovation project development, the risk of...

The rating agencies were emerged by the demand from market economy. Such agencies take the job of independent evaluation of the firms' financial strength, which allow firms decrease their expenses on their own market monitoring. It is extremely important with increasing number of potential...

Risk management is the human activity which integrates recognition of risk, risk assessment, developing strategies to manage it, and mitigation of risk using managerial resources. Notwithstanding the domain of activities where they are conducted, projects often entail risks, and risk management...

The paper presents an econometric study of the two bank ratings assigned by Moody's Investors Service. According to Moody’s methodology, foreign-currency long-term deposit ratings are assigned on the basis of Bank Financial Strength Ratings (BFSR), taking into account “external bank support...

All companies present risks: some can be controlled, others not. The main risks that a company is confronted with are related to the investments, liquidity, solvency, decrease in the demand for products, insolvency, depreciation of the national currency. It is important to identify, quantify and...

The paper wants to highlight the risk evaluation only for The public procurements carried out through demands of supply. Internal auditors must report the results of their work to the general management and any significant weakness discovered during the audit mission. But, on the other hand, we...

Growth regression economics are haunted by the fact that results are easily overthrown by regressing alternative model specifications. Recent research therefore aims at obtaining robust regression results by systematically running multiple models and picking surviving variables. This note shows...

When decomposing differences in average economic outcome between two groups of individuals, it is common practice to base the analysis on logarithms if the dependent variable is nonnegative. This paper argues that this approach raises a number of undesired statistical and conceptual issues...