The 2007-2008 financial crisis demonstrated both the responsibilities that central bankers, alongside other actors, bear for turbulences of this kind as well as how economics can be used to provide central bankers and governments with the understanding and tools that they need to prevent the...

In 1998, following some 10 years of structural reforms that began during the late Soviet era under the Perestroika processes and continued after the collapse of the USSR, Russia has recorded its first year of economic growth. Then, with virtually no advanced warning, by the of August 1998,...

From the Irish perspective, the impact of debt overhang on long-term growth in the advanced economies presents a clear warning. Ireland's debt overhang is outright extreme. Across the 18 advanced economies, weighted average real economic debts stood at 307% of GDP at the end of 2010 and are...

Tajikistan's recent history, economic isolation, mountainous geography and poorly developed physical infrastructure make it one of the world's most remote and difficult to integrate economies. The disruption resulting from the civil war, including the damage to the highway system caused by...

One major outcome of the Federal Reserve’s 2019–20 framework review was the adoption of a Flexible Average Inflation Targeting (FAIT) strategy in August 2020. Using synthetic control methods, we document that U.S. inflation rose post-FAIT considerably more than predicted had the strategy not...

One major outcome of the Federal Reserve's 2019-20 framework review was the adoption of a Flexible Average Inflation Targeting (FAIT) strategy in August 2020. Using synthetic control methods, we document that U.S. inflation rose post-FAIT considerably more than predicted had the strategy not...

This paper explores whether different funding structures-including the source, instrument, currency, and counterparty location of funding-affected the extent of financial stress experienced in various countries and sectors during the Covid-19 spread in early 2020. We measure financial stress...

This paper explores the relationship between different funding structures--including the source, instrument, currency, and counterparty location of funding--and the extent of financial stress experienced in different countries and sectors during the sharp risk-off shock in early 2020 when...

Objective: This study investigates the effects of monetary policy interventions in Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies on shifts in financial market linkages during the Covid-19-induced crisis. We explore the market reaction to both standard and non-standard (e.g., quantitative easing)...

This paper explores whether different funding structures – including the source, instrument, currency, and counterparty location of funding – affected the extent of financial stress experienced in different countries and sectors during the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic. We measure...