Contingent Protection has grown to become an important trade restricting device. In the European Union, protection … domestic macroeconomic pressures are a more important determinant of contingent protection policy than external pressures. …

individual, determine the final results of the investment decision and can even reverse the expected effect from protection …

specifications suggest that, depending on the empirical model, the implementation of a trade protection measure is associated with … about 40 to 80 percent lower FDI inflows. Trade protection does not appear to have any implications for the country's FDI … actions related to intellectual property rights protection and other more trade related measures. …

protection on Asian competitors, the desire of Asian countries to negotiate free trade agreements (FTA) with the US and Japan …

variation inthe degree to which such protection is provided. At issue is the fact that therevenues which in principle could … justify the ex ante provision of protection aretypically collected ex post. Protection having been provided, firms may …

governments can deliver to societies: protection against internal and external threats, provision of social and economic services … delivering disproportionately well on average in terms of protection and political participation if we take per capita income …-indices, that is, the different aspects of protection, provision and participation. …

disproportionate share of protection goes to declining industries. We show that if individuals' preferences exhibit loss aversion …, higher protection will be given to sectors in which profitability is declining. In addition, by making lobby formation … endogenous, we show that an industry will be more likely to become organized and lobby for protection if it has a loss. We also …

international protection travelling to their country of origin. The report consists of information gathered by way of a common … template, primarily for a forthcoming overview, EU-level synthesis report: Beneficiaries of international protection travelling …