permanent residence do not outperform natives for any of the outcomes considered. -- Immigration ; innovation ; entrepreneurship …

for differences in socio-economic background, occupation, regional differences in immigrant population proportions …

Immigrant entrepreneurs are critical to regional and national economies. Immigrants in the USA have higher self …, we document that immigrant self-employment rates vary considerably across areas of the USA. Our main measure is the … percentage of immigrant workers in an area who are self-employed; i.e., the self- employment rate for the foreign-born. Areas …

relationship has evolved since the downturn. We find that the employment penalty suffered by immigrant workers, relative to native …

first time in its history, large-scale immigration. As a result, it currently hosts a large and very heterogeneous immigrant …