Bolivia went through a very important territorial transformation following the approval of the Popular Participation Law in 1994, which led to generalised municipal opening. The benefits of this reform were accompanied by a number of negative effects, such as those regarding the system of State...

In the context of continuing adjustments in the economy, the Government of Indonesia proposes to bring energy prices closer to long run marginal cost, while adequately compensating the poor. We focus on the constraints on central government policy objectives towards the poor as decentralization...

Adam S. Wallwork is an attorney in the public finance and tax departments of Ballard Spahr LLP in Washington, D.C. In this article, Wallwork shows how tax reform has affected the municipal bond market and why Republicans should care

Spanish Abstract: El gasto público se vincula directamente con el bienestar social. Los recursos asignados del Gobierno permiten incrementar el desarrollo humano, mejorando las condiciones de vida sociales mediante políticas públicas (salud, educación e ingresos). El objetivo del estudio es...

This project examined state government-led innovations in affordable housing through analysis of two state-level strategies and two state-level programs. The research shows effective strategies and programs rely on strong political leadership; adopt a whole-of-housing industry approach to...

In the last decades, many countries have chosen to implement Immigrant Investor Programs (IIPs) to attract foreign capital and boost national economies. IIPs are based on a conditional exchange logic according to which the host country offers residence permits (Residence by Investment — RBI...

Spanish Abstract: Este documento muestra la relación existente entre gasto público social por Departamen- tos en Colombia y la calidad de vida. Parte del supuesto de la existencia de una relación significativa entre calidad de vida de los departamentos colombianos y el gasto público social,...

Privatization of government services has been touted as a cost-savings approach for state agencies, promising to harness the efficiencies of market forces to overcome the perceived inefficiencies of bureaucracies. Empirical and anecdotal evidence indicates that such savings rarely materialize,...

Using a new data set on Swiss state and local governments from 1890 to today, we analyze how the adoption of proportional representation affects fiscal policy. We show that proportional systems shift spending toward broad goods (e.g. education and welfare benefits) but decrease spending on...

France's fiscal deficit widened markedly during the crisis (from 2.7 percent of GDP in 2007 to 7.5 percent of GDP in 2009). The fiscal consolidation undertaken since 2010 has heavily relied on tax increases and needs to switch to expenditure containment. The purpose of this paper is to identify...