This paper undertakes a comparative study of the effects of three wars upon the French stock market. Periods of war are … suggesting that stock price behaviour is influenced by the specific way each war is financed. Financed solely by regular long …-term debt, the Franco-Prussian war exhibited stock prices that only reflected real activity. On the other hand, both World Wars …

which were among the worlds’ most developed up to World War One and again weight substantially in today’s global portfolio …

the Swiss stock exchange during WWII provides a useful way of interpreting the importance attributed to various war events … countries considered. This holds, in particular, for the official outbreak of the war in July to September 1939 (which sent down …

before the First World War, it shows a continuous increase during the inter-war period. Despite peace and economic stability …

We collect more than eight million German-language tweets on the war in Ukraine and use a machine learning approach … toconstruct a daily index of uncertainty about the war. In an empirical model, we show that fluctuations in uncertainty have …