Using a cross-section of more than 38,000 manufacturing and 24,000 services firms in 105 low- and middle-income countries from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, this chapter assesses whether there are productivity spillovers from services to manufacturing firms located in the same subnational...

This paper investigates outsourcing and foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions based on factor price differentials in North-South trade when the production is fragmented into two independent processes. It is shown that (a) when the Southern firm does not have the Northern firm-specific...

We estimate a gravity model to address the question of whether Africa`s bilateral trade with industrial countries is quot;unusualquot; compared with other developing country regions. Our main finding is that the unusually low level of African trade is explained by economic size, geographical...

An endogenous growth model is developed demonstrating both static and dynamic gains from trade for developing nations due to the beneficial effects of trade on imitation and technological diffusion. The concept of learning-to-learn in both imitative and innovative processes is incorporated into...

An endogenous growth model is developed demonstrating both static and dynamic gains from trade for developing nations due to the beneficial effects of trade on imitation and technological diffusion. The concept of learning-to-learn in both imitative and innovative processes is incorporated into...