Empirically, VC-backed startups have higher early growth rates and patenting levels than non-VC-backed ones. Venture capitalists increase a startup's likelihood of reaching the right tails of the firm size and innovation distributions. Furthermore, outcomes are better for startups matched with...

It is still an open question what kind of smart capital relational investors actually supply. We divide smart capital into several components and conduct a survey among 85 German suppliers of start-up finance. The results show that the degree of smartness is determined by the financial product...

Access to capital is crucial for small and emerging businesses, enabling them to sustain growth, foster innovation, and create job opportunities. While venture capital is often sought, other funding options such as equity crowdfunding, Regulation A issuances, and Regulation D offerings present...

Startups face a trade-off between short-term profitability versus long-term growth where investors tolerate prolonged financial losses. We present a new theory and empirical evidence about the existence and shape of so-called J-curves. The theory predicts that investors facing better exit...

With sound framework conditions, fine universities, good infrastructure and policies friendly towards foreign direct investment, Ireland scores high in international innovation scoreboards. Overall, policies to boost innovation and entrepreneurship are on the right track, but investment in...

As hotbeds for techno­logical innovation, university research labs create groundbreaking innovations that have been at the heart of many successful entrepreneurial ventures. But powerful ideas do not neces­sarily beget successful companies; great ideas must be identified, acquired, and...

This paper investigates why industrial firms conduct Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) investment in entrepreneurial companies. I test alternative views on CVC by exploiting the entry, investment, and termination decisions of CVC divisions. CVC entry concentrates in firms that experience...

We study information aggregation in organizational decision-making for the financing of entrepreneurial ventures. We introduce a formal model of voting where agents face costly tacit information to improve their decision quality. Equilibrium outcomes suggest a theoretical tension for group...

It took Intel, established in 1968, 27 years to reach a value of $150 billion; Oracle (1977) reached it in14 years; Google (1998) needed only three years; while Facebook (2004) made it in a mere 18 months. Nowadays, new startups are funded with tens of millions after 6 months of existence, and...