The formation of the European Union (EU) is the one of the biggest political – economic events of the last 50 years. The aim of this study is to develop EU economy functioning system dynamic model. Main research method is system dynamics. General scheme of EU economy system dynamic model is...

The Great Recession, the Great Depression, and the Japanese slump of the 1990s were all preceded by periods of major technological innovation, which happened about 10 years before the start of the decline in economic activity. In an attempt to understand these facts, we estimate a model with...

Many developing economies (Eg: India) is made of several thousands of small-to-medium units and businesses. This is an example of a Multi-pillar economy where each individual pillar represents a small business unit (formal or otherwise). On the contrary western economies are made of many large...

The first quarter (Q1) 2023 manufacturing overall composite index remains below the baseline (100), indicating that conditions remain unfavorable. In addition, indexes for all indicators dropped significantly from the previous quarter. Business conditions (77), sales (75), domestic demand (78),...

The COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented shock to economic activity with abrupt and unexpected changes in household consumption behavior. This paper investigates how the spread of the pandemic and government interventions have affected consumer spending using daily card transaction data...

The Korean Economic and Industrial Outlook is published quarterly by the Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade. Visit www.kiet.re.kr for more projections and industrial statistics. In the first half of 2022, the domestic real economy recovered thanks to improved consumption and...

Indicators of trust, confidence, optimism or sentiment among consumers and/or investors, are published continuously in the mass media. More importantly, these indices seem not only to reflect how the state of the real economy is perceived by private agents, but can also help predict the future...

Confidence, in general, and consumer confidence, in particular, are subject to an increasing interest by many agents, such as central banks and governments, at a national level, as well as by supra-national entities, such as the European Commission of the European Union. Although this interest...

Indicators of "trust", "confidence", "optimism" or "sentiment" among consumers and/or investors, are published continuously in the mass media. More importantly, these indices seem not only to reflect how the state of the real economy is perceived by private agents, but can also help predict the...