improving educational outcomes. Analyzing the association of gender, immigrant status, and family background factors with scores …

children enter school. Families are major producers of those skills. Inequality in performance in school is strongly linked to … inequality in family environments. Schools do little to reduce or enlarge the gaps in skills that are present when children enter … school. Parenting matters, and the true measure of child advantage and disadvantage is the quality of parenting received. A …

This paper investigates how the permanent departure of the father from the household affects children's school … enrolment and work participation in rural Colombia. Our results show that departure of the father decreases children's school …