In the German federal elections on September 22, 2013, for the first time after 64 years, the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was not elected to the German federal parliament, the Bundestag, anymore. Less surprising than this fact is the malice of its political opponents with which this landslide...

From the 1930s and 1940s, the main industrial economies explored a "third way" between laissez-faire capitalism and collectivist central planning. In this sense, the "third way" represented a continuum of experiments between two opposite banks: on the one hand macroeconomic regulation of...

South Korea's aid to North Korea is deviated from the international trend in development aid. As a stylized fact, we find that South Korea's policy keeping economic relationship with North Korea was inconsistent and ineffective during the last decade. Since South Korea played a major role in...

The conception of economic order policy (in German: Ordnungspolitik) has been the theoretical foundation of the Social Market Economy in Germany after World War II. But nowadays, the conception of Ordnungspolitik is in a fundamental crisis. It has been removed by Keynesian conceptions or still...

The quest for an appropriate development and transition strategy in less developed countries (LDCs) and post-socialist countries (PSCs) has been studied for a long time, and it has been subject to numerous controversies among academics and development practitioners alike. Disputes have existed...

Despite the fact, that in 1949 the Federal Republic of Germany had decided to base its economic system on the concept of Social Market Economy, the transport sector in the 1950s and 1960s was characterized by a strict regulation, prohibiting competition in most transport markets. One fundamental...

Despite considerable and miscellaneous research in transition economics, some of its aspects have yet to evolve and come up with a more standard theory. After the initial systemic change in two versions of socialist systems - centralist in the former Soviet Union (FSU), and self-management in...

National economic and social policies of European Union member states are restricted by international and supranational treaties and by effects of globalisation. Furthermore, in the European integration process many economic policy areas have been transferred completely or partly to EU. Under...

On the 18th of April 2012, the European Commission has launched a document named Employment Package meant to deliver solutions for regaining the competitiveness lost on the labor markets at European level. The package contains a series of documents which are setting a new vision on how to regain...