international trade, distorts production and reduces output. However, in a liquidity trap protectionism lowers the real interest …

policy. The setting is that of a small open economy in which incomes depend importantly on trade in dirty goods, where income … interacts with the pollution costs and income benefits of trade in dirty goods to further polarize interests concerning both … environmental stringency and the regulation of trade openness. In this context, we show how the eco-friendliness ranking of …

We develop a two-country, two-sector model with a continuum of workers to address the link between migration and trade … free trade areas more likely to support full integration than states without free trade? Second, is trade liberalization … more likely to be supported by a simultaneous referendum on trade and migration than in one on trade alone? The key to our …

Developing countries now account for a significant fraction of both world trade and two thirds of the membership of the … World Trade Organization (WTO). However, many are still individually small and thus have a limited ability to bilaterally … extract and enforce trade concessions from larger developed economies even though as a group they would be able to do so. We …

Australia’s external trade is relatively low compared with the size of its economy. Indeed, Australia’s openness ratio … understand Australia’s low openness by analysing the empirical determinants of aggregate country trade. We begin by estimating a … standard gravity model of bilateral trade. Although the model appears to fit the bilateral data very well, it does a relatively …

. But South-South trade is partly picking up the slack. Middle-income countries are driving export diversification of low …

, if the foreign firm had the initial cost advantage! -- vertical product differentiation ; oligopoly ; trade ; quality …