We analyze how economy-wide forces (i.e. shocks to terms of trade, technology and endowments) affect the intensity of … have perverse effects, and offers guidance on how to integrate international trade policy and peacekeeping efforts …. Thus, we can also account for populist policies, apparently inefficient redistribution and national development strategies …

surviving firms. As an example of such policies, we focus on product standards that force the small, low-quality firms to exit … the market. Using data from Chile, we find that more restrictive standards are associated with a reallocation of domestic … sales from small to large firms. Guided by this evidence, we study the welfare effects of standards in a model with …

Recent trade agreements have shifted their focus to non-tariff barriers such as regulations and product standards …, which have been traditionally treated as pure domestic policies. The imposition of such standards reallocates production … on the rest of the world as it induces entry of high-quality firms, but unilateral regulation lowers the terms of trade of …

effect is more likely to emerge as trade liberalization proceeds. …

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the scope for international private standards to play a role in reducing …