Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have been widely used in many applications where positioning plays an important role. However, the performances of these applications can be degraded in urban canyons, due to Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) and Multipath interference affecting GNSS signals. In...

We present new results for the likelihood-based analysis of the dynamic factor model that possibly includes intercepts and explanatory variables. The latent factors are modelled by stochastic processes. The idiosyncratic disturbances are specified as autoregressive processes with mutually...

This paper examines maximum likelihood estimation via hill climbing and the expectations maximization (EM) algorithm in the context of Hamilton's Markov switching framework. The techniques are explained in detail and are followed by a discussion of both analytic and computational issues. Both...

This paper investigates whether information from foreign yield curves helps forecast domestic yield curves out-of-sample. A nested methodology to forecast yield curves in domestic and international settings is applied on three major countries (the US, Germany and the UK). This novel methodology...

In this paper we propose a methodology to estimate a dynamic factor model on data sets with an arbitrary pattern of missing data. We modify the Expectation Maximisation (EM) algorithm as proposed for a dynamic factor model by Watson and Engle (1983) to the case with general pattern of missing...

Markov models introduce persistence in the mixture distribution. In time series analysis, the mixture components relate to different persistent states characterizing the state-specific time series process. Model specification is discussed in a general form. Emphasis is put on the functional form...

Generalized linear models might not be appropriate when the probability of extreme events is higher than that implied by the normal distribution. Extending the method for estimating the parameters of a double Pareto lognormal distribution (DPLN) in Reed and Jorgensen (2004), we develop an EM...

In this paper a Taylor rule including the exchange rate gap is estimated for Switzerland under the assumption that the parameters depend on two states governed by a Markov switching process. The estimates suggest the presence of an ordinary and an aggressive regime. The former is characterized...

This paper describes a way of constructing an ECM algorithm such that it converges at the rate of the EM algorithm. The approach is motivated by the well known conjugate directions algorithm, and a special case of it is when the parameters corresponding to different CM steps are orthogonal....

Abstract Mediation analysis is popular in examining the extent to which the effect of an exposure on an outcome is through an intermediate variable. When the exposure is subject to misclassification, the effects estimated can be severely biased. In this paper, when the mediator is binary, we...