that a positive relationship between grandparents' childcare and female labor force participation might not be causal. We … use the maternal grandmother's death as an instrument of grandparents' childcare to measure the effect of grandparents …' childcare on maternal labor force participation (MLFP). We compare OLS and IV estimates and find that grandparents' childcare …

In the United States, approximately 20% of employed mothers with children under 5 use grandparents as their primary … source of childcare. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), we investigate whether the availability … of this source of childcare has a causal effect on mother’s labor force participation. We compare Ordinary Least Squares …

that a positive relationship between grandparents’ childcare and female labor force participation might not be causal. We … use the maternal grandmother’s death as an instrument of grandparents’ childcare to measure the effect of grandparents …’ childcare on maternal labor force participation (MLFP). We compare OLS and IV estimates and find that grandparents’ childcare …

life is often associated with continued and active participation in the labor market. At the same time, active grandparents … can offer their working offspring a free, flexible, and reliable source of childcare. However, while grandparent …-provided childcare helps young parents (especially young mothers) overcome the negative effects of child rearing on their labor market …

that a positive relationship between grandparents' childcare and female labor force participation might not be causal. We … use the maternal grandmother's death as an instrument of grandparents' childcare to measure the effect of grandparents …' childcare on maternal labor force participation (MLFP). We compare OLS and IV estimates and find that grandparents' childcare …

through the lens of (positive) income effect versus (negative) childcare effect, which is consistent with two sets of further …

that a positive relationship between grandparents' childcare and female labor force participation might not be causal. We … use the maternal grandmother's death as an instrument of grandparents' childcare to measure the effect of grandparents …' childcare on maternal labor force participation (MLFP). We compare OLS and IV estimates and find that grandparents' childcare …