In 2016, the Bank of Russia implemented a conservative monetary policy aimed at mitigating inflation. Commercial banks decreased their demand for central bank refinancing as the Reserve Fund was spent, in which case the central bank had to employ a set of instruments to prevent an increase in...

Turkish Abstract: Bu metin, bugün dahi gecerli olan ve zaman içerisinde daha da gelistirilmis bulunan, örneğin halen Uluslararası Para Fonu (IMF) tarafından kullanılan, para bazı analizi ve parasal kontrol modeli üzerine yapilmis ilk araştırmalardandır.Çalısmada para bazı...

This report is one of the first studies discussing monetary base analysis and control model, a concept even today is alive and more developed by, for example, by IMF to use its analysis. The study presents monetary base approach to control of money flows and the links between monetary base,...

In 2019, a sharp and largely unexpected slowdown in inflation led to a significant easing of monetary policy. Over the course of that year, the Bank of Russia reduced its key rate five times: four times by 0.25 percentage points on June 14, July 26, September 6, and December 13; and by 0.5...

This paper deals with Russia's monetary policy in 2014. The key developments in Russia's monetary policy in 2014 were determined by adverse processes in the Russian economy, which related to the tense geopolitical situation, massive capital outflow and the decline in the price of energy resources

The implementation of economic reforms under new economic policies in India was associated with a paradigmatic shift in monetary and fiscal policy. While monetary policies were solely aimed at “price stability” in the neoliberal regime, fiscal policies were characterized by the objective of...

In 2020, the world economy was faced with a large-scale crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic, a worsening situation in the global oil market, increasing global uncertainty, and capital outflows from emerging markets. The crisis phenomena were experienced, to a varying degree, by every...

This paper addresses the perspective of Hayek's doctrine on monetary arrangements in the economy and his favorable argument for an international central bank over national central bank. I also discussed Hayek's view on free banking (i.e. for the free issue of bank notes) that would enable the...

This paper deals with Russia's monetary policy in 2012. The authors analyze Russia's money market, inflationary development, main measures in the monetary policy, the balance of payments and the RUR exchange rate

Central banks have responded with exceptional vigour to the crisis by using their traditional interest-rate tools to their limits and deploying a wide range of unconventional measures. This paper documents these responses in a systematic way, reviews the evidence about their impact, and...