In the 21st century, licensing is the most common vehicle by which Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), especially for … between IPR and agricultural biotechnology, technology transfer (e.g., licensing), needs to be conducted differently for … agricultural biotechnology products. We examine two important licensing mechanisms: the patent license and material transfer …

In a duopoly with symmetric product differentiations, we prove that profit-sharing licensing and per-unit royalty … licensing are equivalent to each other regarding both the profitability and the welfare influences. …

condition (i.e., fragmentation of downstream submarkets) may encourage licensing in an industry. That is, the probability of … licensing should increase when product markets are fragmented and technologies support general purposes. Evidence consistent …

Using a new dataset with detailed geographic information about licensing activities of the German Max Planck Society … indicators are not robust to controlling for invention quality or selection into licensing. …

licensing laws; nor (3) measurement error in the timing and stringency of licensing laws; nor (4) the omitted variables that KPV …

-1950 occupational licensing did not tend to affect blacks and women adversely. The biggest problem with the paper is that a Census …-reported practitioner in a licensing state is not necessarily licensed—a fact never mentioned by Law and Marks—and yet that fact should … 4700 percent. It is therefore unsurprising that they do not find plumbing licensing to have negatively impacted blacks. The …

This paper examines the effects of contract enforceability and market structure on a firm's choice between licensing …

technology sharing are compared: a research joint venture (RJV) and licensing. Under licensing, firms can use the licensing fee … a broad set of cases, licensing yields higher collusive profits to firms and higher prices to consumers. In other cases …, licensing can only be induced through a very high license fee, leading to excessive R&D and lower profits. In these cases, the …

We model an innovator's choice of payment scheme and duration as a joint decision in a multi-period licensing game with … innovation for less than the full length of the patent and that royalty contracts can be more profitable than fixed-fee licensing … even in the absence of information asymmetry and risk aversion. Moreover, licensing contracts based on royalty have a …