as output additionality. Our results show that the targeted public subsidies trigger R&D spending, especially so in …

collaboration and subsidies as heterogeneous treatments, and perform an econometric matching to analyze patent activity at the firm … level. In general, we find that collaboration has positive effects. In Germany, subsidies for individual research do not … collaboration. For Finnish companies, public funding is an important source of finance for R&D. Without subsidies, recipients would …

collaboration and subsidies as heterogeneous treatments, and perform an econometric matching to analyze R&D and patent activity at … the firm level. In general, we find that collaboration has positive effects. In Germany, subsidies for individual research … subsidies, recipients would show less R&D and patenting activity, whilst those firms not receiving subsidies would perform …

The paper analyses how context and time dependent factors determine the impulse of R&D subsidies on firm behavior with …

The paper analyses how context and time dependent factors determine the impulse of R&D subsidies on firm behavior with …