directly via the effect of productivity, one possible explanation is that PER Capita GDP is not good explanation for … productivity (.i.e. Labor productivity) differences; an increase (decrease) in relative efficiency of the distribution sector with … achieved. Model implies German Labor productivity to UK Labor productivity ratio doesn't have significant influence on …

'capital accumulation channel' and the 'total factor productivity (TFP) growth channel'. This paper carries out the first … undervaluation of the currency boost the overall productivity level in the economy? If so, does this 'undervaluation …-induced' productivity improvement significantly enhance growth? And finally, what is the magnitude of the TFP growth channel compared to the …

those purchases increase domestic private sector productivity. A very small dose of public sector externality is sufficient …

This paper documents the evidence for a productivity based model of the dollar/euro real exchange rate over the 1985 …-2001 period. We estimate cointegrating relationships between the real exchange rate, productivity, and the real price of oil using … productivity differential results in a five percentage point real appreciation of the dollar. This finding is robust to the …

) positively (negatively) affect output in net export (import) sectors. Though non-homogeneous, these effects are modest in terms …

2014, depending on the proxy for productivity, it is undervalued from about 15 percent to 18 percent. The analysis suggests …

the productivity of the economy. Trends in social consumption/GDP, and in fiscal policy, reflected political regime …