Advantages of speaking English as a native speaker have been discussed and debated widely. English has developed into a global lingua franca in business, culture, education and diplomacy. English “demand” includes institutional demands and individual demands for language to achieve better...

Effective financial policy design should incorporate design principles encouraging financial activity and innovation while discouraging excessive risk-taking, into an inclusive, environmental approach to financial system governance. Examining banking systems in Australia, Brazil, Canada and...

<title>ABSTRACT</title> While the effects of cultural disparity and common institutional foundations on international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) have been much analyzed, little analysis of languages' transaction costs has been done in either the international relations or international business...

We examine the roles of regional trade agreements (RTAs) not only in regionalization processes but also in the globalization process. Results confirm that a country can noticeably increase directional trade, particularly exports, through diplomatic relations as well as through membership

This paper employs gravity models to analyze the influence of Confucius Institutes (CI) on outward trade and FDI flows from China. We find significant increases in both Chinese exports and outward FDI flows to developing countries through establishment and operation of CIs, but little impact on...