This report provides the details of the IMF's projections and estimates of Vietnam on the summary of the tax systems; gross domestic product by expenditure categories; sector and ownership at current prices; gross domestic product by sector at constant prices during 1996–2002; consumer price...

This article presents the investment scheme known as a private equity fund, the special characteristics that they have compared to general investment funds and also restrictions and practices regarding them that can be tolerated or not depending on the legislation. New terms associated with...

Natural resource revenues provide a valuable source to finance public investment in developing countries, which frequently face borrowing constraints and tax revenue mobilization problems. This paper develops a dynamic stochastic small open economy model to analyze the macroeconomic effects of...

This paper presents in a systematic (normative) manner the salient features of a SWF‘s governance structure, in relation to its objectives and investment management that can ensure its efficient operation and enhance its financial performance. In this context, it distinguishes among the...

Negative influence of the crisis processes on the State and business cooperation in terms of implementation of socially significant investment projects has been reviewed in the article. It has been demonstrated that the major crisis threats to development of partner relations of the State and...

This paper develops theory missing in the sizable literature that uses data envelopment analysis to construct return–risk ratios for investment funds. It explores the production possibility set of the investment funds to identify an appropriate form of returns to scale. It discusses what risk...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is attractive for comparing investment funds because it handles different characteristics of fund distribution and gives a way to rank funds. There is substantial literature applying DEA to funds, based on the time series of funds’ returns. This article looks at...

Emerging countries’ and particularly China's savings in the U.S. money market financed the U.S. overconsumption in the 2000s, which eventually led to the global financial crisis. The real estate mortgage market was the starting point. Non-equilibrium processes have been launched in the U.S....

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

The paper presents a briefly description of the main relations that can be encountered in the functionality of the investment fund with its participants – fund & sponsors, fund & investors, fund & portfolio companies. These three perspectives allow identifying the key role of the investment...