European firms have increasingly invested in training of employees but differences across countries and types of firms remain - and the Covid-19 shock may have exacerbated them. This report analyses European firms' investment in training over the last six years examining trends, factors...

In the era of globalization and liberation, Indian economy needs skilled and trained personnel in adequate numbers to meet the requirements of the ultimate users such as industries and service sectors. This objective is being catered in India, by Industrial Training Institutes (ITI), at present....

Training is one of the main ways that the Nepal government intervenes in the labor market. This descriptive study documents patterns, trends, correlates, and the labor market effects of formal off-the-job training of youth, based on national household survey data. Training rates in Nepal tend to...

Demand-driven training (DDT) and results-based contracting (RBC) are two mechanisms used to enhance the effectiveness and impact of skill training programs. DDT links skills development explicitly with the job market, typically through employer engagement. Private sector employers define what...

This paper surveys the emerging economics literature on the relationship between employee training and firm performance. Most studies find very high returns to training, at least from the perspective of firms, indicating that the costs of training can be recouped in short periods of time. These...