underwriters' valuation and underpricing in 113 firms going public on Borsa Istanbul. It argues that underwriter discretion in the … valuation is crucial to underpricing in the Turkish market, where fixed price is the dominant method of offering and retail … investor allocation is large. Building on the overpricing theories, the study hypothesizes and finds that optimistic valuation …

-discriminatory auctions to bookbuilding. We find that bookbuilding leads to significantly higher underpricing than hybrid price …-discriminatory auctions. Further, we find evidence that price accuracy tends to be higher for auctions than for bookbuilding. The results hold … regulation. The results suggest that the interests of issuers and underwriters are not aligned. The popularity of bookbuilding …