This work studies the inverse problem of reconstructing a time-dependent heat source in the heat conduction equation using the temperature measurement specified at an internal point. Problems of this type have important applications in several fields of applied science. By the Green’s function...

In this study, we proposed a dynamic complex hypothesis that the impact of land use on water quality could vary along the expansion of the buffer size, and there should be an effective buffer zone where the strongest linkage occurs between land use and water quality. The hypothesis was tested...

Binary events are involved in many economic decision problems. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in diverse disciplines in developing models for forecasting binary outcomes. We distinguish between two types of forecasts for binary events that are generally obtained as the...

This paper investigates an electricity time-of-use (TOU) tariff problem with the consideration of consumer behavior. Under the TOU tariff, we consider two periods: the peak and base periods. A two-level model is established to solve the TOU tariff problem: in the upper level, the producer...

Energy performance of office building envelope designs in the five major climate zones - severe cold, cold, hot summer and cold winter, mild, and hot summer and warm winter - in China was investigated. A major city within each climate zone was selected. These were Harbin, Beijing, Shanghai,...

China's transformation over the past three decades has touched every corner of Chinese society and had an enormous global economic impact. Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, in his Foreword to this book, calls China's accomplishments "unprecedented in human history". Thirty years on...

We develop a non-linear forecast combination rule based on copulas that incorporate the dynamic interaction between individual predictors. This approach is optimal in the sense that the resulting combined forecast produces the highest discriminatory power as measured by the receiver operating...

The pricing issue of supply chain options is generally considered in the Stackelberg game framework in the literature. Such a pricing scheme, however, is usually unacceptable to the follower in the game since it serves only the leader's interest. Different from the existing literature, we...

This paper investigates technology investment under flexible capacity strategy with demand uncertainty. Technology investment enables a firm to reduce its total production cost, while flexible capacity strategy aims to reduce a firm׳s production waste by postponing production until demand is...

This passage mainly deals with the problem of why different transition countries have different transition mode and different economic performance. According to this research, it has been found that the economic system of the traditional socialist countries played an important role in their...