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to innovation and competition using data from the EBRD-WB Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS …) in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The findings confirm an inverted-U shaped impact of competition on R&D. Both … competition and innovation have a simultaneous positive effect on labour productivity in terms of either sales or value added per …
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Since 1990, countries in emerging Europe and Central Asia have undergone comprehensive economic transformation. These reforms helped achieve an impressive degree of income convergence toward the levels of the advanced economies, although at the cost of rising inequality and lower life...
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International trade has played a key role in the transition process. Exports were essential for the recovery from the … transition shock and sustainable growth depends on the capacity of each country to reap the benefits of the openness to … both price and non-price aspects of product market competition. Based on this analysis, each country is ranked according to …
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