leveraged the latecomer advantage, including emerging market economies such as the People's Republic of China (PRC), India, and …

/capita, shares in world trade and market capitalization attributable both jointly and single to China, India, and Brazil (the three … time. In contrast the North‐China gap falls from 57.2 to 13.1 between 1990 and 2009, and India from 70.4 to 38.1 using … market exchange rates and from 23.4 to 5.5 for China and from 20.7 to 11.4 for India using PPP rates. We calculate the …

caught in it. The CUI shows that China became a middle-income country in 2007-2008. We see five major types of middle …-income trap that China is vulnerable to (a) fiscal stress from the nonperforming loans generated by the interaction between the … governance principles and management methods to prevent China from falling into these five types of middle-income trap …

China's current growth model — which has delivered steady and robust growth for two decades and lifted some 500 million … continued reliance on capital accumulation, China can grow at a healthy pace and maintain its convergence toward the level of … high income economies. Evidence from China's provinces indicates that there is room to improve productivity and sustain …

From the perspective of conditional convergence, China's GDP growth rate since 1990 has been surprisingly high. However …, China cannot deviate forever from the global historical experience, and the per capita growth rate is likely to fall soon … from around 8% per year to a range of 3 4%. China can be viewed as a middle-income convergence-success story, grouped with …

dataset. More than the catching-up effect, we will measure the convergence for three emerging countries: Brazil/China … past 10 years. A first contribution is that as the distance between the level of labor productivity in Brazil (China, India …

in China is not explained simply by factor input accumulation …