In competitive international trade theory two of the basic models are the Specific Factors Model and the Heckscher/Ohlin model, with dimensionality 3×2 and 2×2 respectively. A surprising result in Heckscher/Ohlin is that the effect on factor prices of an infinitesimal change in a commodity...

We estimate productivities at the sector level for 72 countries and 5 decades, and examine how they evolve over time in both developed and developing countries. In both country groups, comparative advantage has become weaker: productivity grew systematically faster in sectors that were initially...