We analyze the determinants of environmental policy when two firms engage in two types of lobbying against a … restriction on allowed pollution: General lobbying increases the total amount of allowed pollution, which is beneficial for both … firms. Private lobbying increases the individual pollution standard of the lobbying firm, but has a negative or zero effect …

relative to legislative intervention when lobbying congress is very effective and when the polluter and the regulator do not … sector characteristics and the degree of influence of lobbying on congress …

. In particular, we discuss the joint impact of trade openness and political uncertainty. Our theory predicts that the …. Political uncertainty has a positive effect on environmental policy as it reduces lobbying efforts. Applying our model to a … unique data set of primarily developing countries, the empirical findings support the theory and are robust under alterntive …

connected and unconnected firms using a close election setting. We find no difference in regulated pollutant emissions or EPA …

We analyze the determinants of environmental policy when two firms engage in two types of lobbying against a … restriction on allowed pollution: General lobbying increases the total amount of allowed pollution, which is beneficial for both … firms. Private lobbying increases the individual pollution standard of the lobbying firm, but has a negative or zero effect …

This paper develops a theory of environmental policy formation, taking into consideration the degree of corruptibility …

We assess the influence of moneyed interests on legislative decisions. Our theory predicts that the vote outcome …

We present a citizen-candidate model on a multidimensional policy space with lobbying, where citizens regard some … offset the effect of lobbying on the implemented policy. This result is in sharp contrast with previous work on … unidimensional citizen-candidate models that predict the irrelevance of lobbying on the implemented policy. In an extension of the …

size. Also in line with our theory, election proximity has no impact on senators' decisions on reproductive rights, because … beginning of their terms, but in line with the preferences of single-issue minorities as they approach re-election. To assess …'s predictions, election proximity has a pro-gun effect on Democratic senators and a pro-environment effect on Republican senators …