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While environmental taxes aim at making environmentally harmful behaviour more costly, the opposite is true for environmentally beneficial tax incentives. Tax incentives imply foregone public revenues to favour less polluting consumption and investment activities in order to achieve...
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Many pollution-related industries wield strong political influence and can effectively veto policy initiatives that … emissions permits or by exempting some inframarginal emissions from a pollution tax. However, such policies compel the …, however, the cost of this constraint diminishes relative to the other efficiency costs of pollution-control. We also calculate …
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Environmental policies typically combine the identification of a goal with some means to achieve that goal. This chapter focuses exclusively on the second component, the means – the “instruments” – of environmental policy, and considers, in particular, experience around the world with...
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This chapter examines government policy alternatives for protecting the environment. We compare environmentally motivated taxes and various non-tax environmental policy instruments in terms of their efficiency and distributional impacts. Much of the analysis is performed in a second-best setting...
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pollution-related industries. The government can avoid such losses by freely allocating some emissions permits or by exempting … some inframarginal emissions from a pollution tax. However, preventing profit-losses in this way involves an efficiency … the other efficiency costs of pollution-control. When the abatement requirement becomes more extensive, the cost of this …
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The corporate’s emission reduction activities are closely influenced by government policies. This paper analyzes the effect of a hybrid carbon policy, which means a combination of carbon tax and cap-and-trade policies, on the manufacturer’s carbon abatement activities and supply chain...
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