. Although such bureaucracy intermediaries are, anecdotally, linked with corruption and welfare losses, few formal analyses exist …Intermediaries that assist individuals and firms with the government bureaucracy are common in developing countries … procedure, individuals using intermediaries are better off than if intermediaries and corruption had not existed. Then, we study …

patterns around elections, which are shaped by both incumbents' electoral incentives and their reaction to well-meaning anti-corruption … the legal rigidities imposed on hiring around elections, pre-natal check-ups (a key output of the healthcare bureaucracy …

bureaucracy in place of political appointees as an important component of the institutional environment in which private … corruption of their subordinates as a byproduct of their efforts to implement their preferences using tax revenue. Within this …

bureaucracy in place of political appointees as an important component of the institutional environment in which private … corruption of their subordinates as a byproduct of their efforts to implement their preferences using tax revenue. Within this …

We analyze the provision of infrastructure by a foreign investor when the domestic bureaucracy is corrupt, but puts … investment has been sunk, the bureaucracy may hold up the investor, using the threat of expropriation to demand a lower final …