changes at the extremes of the distribution might obscure inequality's actual dimension, and thereby help perpetuate it. To … avoid this, the present paper discusses a complementary indicator for the measurement of inequality: the ratio of the income … suggested 'Palma ratio' dividing the income share of the top 10 per cent income earners by that of the bottom 40 per cent's. …

to changes at the extremes of the distribution might obscure inequality's actual dimension, and thus help perpetuate it …. To avoid this, the ratio of the income share of the top 5 per cent over that of the bottom 40 per cent, denominated Palma … v.2, could function as a complementary indicator for the measurement of inequality. …

-an inverse-U shape relationship between income inequality and per capita GDP-that is relatively stable from the 1960s into the … 2000s. The direct effect of international openness on income inequality is also found to be positive. On the other hand, a … cross-country-growth equation shows a negative effect of income inequality on economic growth, holding fixed a familiar set …

of hidden (or partially hidden) inequality and how the Palma may be useful in bringing this to light in the parts of the …This paper revisits the earlier assessments of the Palma Proposition and the ‘Palma Ratio’. The former is a proposition … that currently changes in income or consumption inequality are (almost) exclusively due to changes in the share of the …

general-equilibrium mapping from tariffs to household inequality measures. This also yields predictions for linkages between … tariffs, development level, and observed household inequality. Working with a new dataset, we then examine crosscountry … variation in inequality with respect to import protection. Results are consistent with predictions of the factor-intensity model …