different types of unbundling regulations that countries have implemented. Second, in addition to studying the impacts of … country and year fixed effects, I find that local loop unbundling has no robustly significant impact on broadband penetration …. More extensive "subloop" unbundling, however, is negatively correlated with penetration. Requiring the incumbent to allow …

unbundling regulations on new optical-fiber lines. I find that unbundling regulation prevents new providers from building optical … particular, when a new technology is introduced, unbundling regulation has an oligopolization effect on the regulated firms. This … finding in the Japanese telecommunications industry suggests that unbundling regulation during periods of new technology …

The paper discusses the respective roles of competition policy and sector-specific regulation for industries such as … when competition policy and to sector-specific regulation apply to a given industry at the same time. The discussion refers … parts of the industry should be subject to regulation, and (iii) the recent cases in the telecommunications and postal …

The paper discusses the respective roles of competition policy and sector-specific regulation for industries such as … when competition policy and to sector-specific regulation apply to a given industry at the same time. The discussion refers … parts of the industry should be subject to regulation, and (iii) the recent cases in the telecommunications and postal …

by the proposed state legislation would be preempted by federal regulation. Section 616 of the Communications Act, giving …

regulation and recently imposed fiber access regulations. Our main finding is that more stringent access regulations for both the …

regulation and recently imposed fiber access regulations. Our main finding is that more stringent access regulations for both the …