access to irrigation are needed to achieve increased productivity from cane growing land and it could be helpful to introduce …

require a substantial increase in multifactor productivity growth. In our third simulation, we model the size of the increase … in multifactor productivity necessary to offset the forecast declining terms of trade, rising dependency ratio, and other … forecast economic challenges. We find that the required rate of productivity growth, at 1.96% p.a., is of a level not seen in …

Knowledge accumulation in the richer countries provides them with comparative advantages in higher productivity … products. The countries that import the higher productivity intermediate products and capital equipments produced in the richer … productivity level associated with a country's imports. Using instrumental variable method (to address the endogeneity problems …