Improving the energy efficiency of building stock, commercial equipment, and household appliances can have a major positive impact on energy use, carbon emissions, and building services. Sub-national regions such as the U.S. states wish to increase energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, or...

Integrated assessment modeling studies the nexus between the systems of climate and economy, both known for their high complexity and vast uncertainty. One key question is how sensitive climate policy inference produced by such models is to the uncertainty in their initial assumptions and the...