When do opposition groups decide to mount a terrorism campaign and when do they enter an open civil conflict against … the ruling government? This paper models an opposition group's choice between peace, terrorism, and open conflict …. Terrorism emerges if executive constraints are intermediate and rents are sizeable. Open conflict is predicted to emerge under …

This paper proposes a simple framework to better understand an opposition group's choice between peace, terrorism, and … open civil conflict against the government. Our model implies that terrorism emerges if constraints on the ruling executive … when considering the incidence and onset of terrorism and conflict. The corresponding magnitudes are economically sizeable …

Regardless of how society has evolved, travel and tourism have had a positive development since the end of Second World …