The objective of this study is to investigate the long-run performance of initial public offerings (IPO) in Germany for the period from 1977 to 1995. Of particular interest is to examine whether underpricing and the timing of subsequent seasoned equty offerings (SEO) may help to explain why some...

This paper documents the dramatic improvement in institutional, legal and regulatory environment for the exiting of foreign venture capital in China. It also discusses the recent developments, advantages and disadvantages of various China venture-backed IPO listing channels, including overseas...

The goal of this paper is to examine the impact of Initial Public Offerings (IPO) on the investment strategies of young entrepreneurial firms. Hypotheses are developed from the finance, strategy and top management team literature. These are then tested using multivariate methods in order to...

Previous research on IPOs has identified several factors or issue characteristics that play a role in the level of short term underpricing of initial public offerings. Some of those issue features are the firm size, market trend, size of the offer, investment banker reputation, method of...

This paper investigates the impact of public-listing age on the future operating performance of Chinese firms making initial public offerings (IPOs) during the period 1998-2010 and examines whether accounting accruals contribute to this impact. We found that, on average, public-listing age has a...

We examine the contribution of when-issued trading to price discovery and underpricing in the Indian IPO market. Besides the when-issued trading, there exists IPO grading, analyst recommendation, group affiliation, and the subscription rates in the bookbuilding process. We examine the impact of...

In this study, I develop a model that describes underwriters' price-setting behavior during initial public offerings (IPOs). Because of reputational concerns during high valuation periods, top-tier underwriters adjust the initial offer price valuation to the lower, historical industry valuation....

Fear of private equity (PE) firms 'putting lipstick on the pig' when divesting investee companies is common in the IPO investor market. PE firms wishing to maximise their exit value showcase investee companies in the best possible light. While PE firms are thought to add considerable value to...

This paper tries to answer the question: would the initial/long-run returns IPO significantly differ when various alternative measurements of market portfolio are adopted? Briefly, this study states that various methodologies for market returns might correspond to different magnitudes of...

We consider the initial public offering (IPO) returns of penny stocks before and after Penny Stock Reform Act (PSRA) implementation. We extend the work of Bradley et al. (2006) by looking not only at NASDAQ small capitalisation issues, but also those issued on the bulletin boards and pink...