This paper provides a theoretical model to address the issue of how industrialization affects the structure of international trade. Considering both horizontal and vertical product differentiation, the model shows that intra-industry trade increases when product quality improvement emerges in a...

This paper surveys the recent literature on the Japanese distribution system to consider two propositions: first, that the system is inefficient, and second that prices of imported products tend to be higher in Japan than in other markets. Most of the literature demonstrates that the system is...

Using the international input-output tables between Japan and five Pacific Basin countries (Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand) for the years 1975 and 1985, the paper examines the trade structure in 1975 and how it had shifted by 1985. It shows that intra-industry trade in...

The dynamic pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries shows a three-phase pattern. Despite government policies that promote it, initially the inflow of FDI is sluggish, followed by a period of considerable fluctuation before finally entering the stage of rapid growth....

Since two domestic stock exchanges were established in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in the early 1990s, equity market growth has been remarkable. Nevertheless, the closer scrutiny reveals that the market is highly segmented and distorted. This paper assesses the state of the PRCs equity...

Since India embarked on a period of reform, the corporate financial structures have depended on the firms' characteristics. For example, new, small, unprofitable, high-risk firms tend to depend more heavily on domestic loans than old, large, profitable, low-risk firms, as the latter can generate...

Since the initiation of banking sector reforms in 1991, India's highly regulated banking sector has seen significant and favorable changes. Initially, foreign and private sector banks generally outperformed public sector (nationalized and State Bank of India) banks, but such differences have...