inconclusive whether the WAB had unintended side-effects such as the substitution of temporary workers by self-employment …

After following inward oriented economic policies for nearly four decades, India opened up to international trade in … the early 1990s. Since then, the trade integration of the Indian economy in general and the manufacturing sector in … on jobs in the Indian manufacturing sector. Using the growth accounting approach, we find that the direct impact of trade …

in total employment in the economy has been stagnant. This recognized stagnancy in the manufacturing sector’s employment … share is interpreted as reflecting a poor performance of Indian manufacturing in employment generation. This view, commonly … well in creating jobs. The growth in employment in organized manufacturing has been rapid (4-5% per annum), resulting in …

analyzed to test the following hypothesis: Firms in the manufacturing sector in Egypt use FTCs to adjust the level of … employment to the profit maximizing level in case of demand changes. The hypothesis is supported by the results of econometric …. Empirical results revealed that demand changes had no effects on using FTCs in the manufacturing firms in Egypt. In addition …

in India. It begins with a review of earlier studies that tried to infer the effects on manufacturing employment of … states that enacted excessively pro-worker amendments to the IDA have displayed poorer performance in manufacturing, do not …, pointing in a very different direction, on the actual enforcement of labour laws, labour flexibility, and industrial employment …

Over the past decade, the share of jobs not controlled by the state has increased considerably, whilst employment in … enforced remains to be seen. For the time being, de facto employment protection is far less than de jure, with an enduring … wages, nor are they effectively enforced. During the recent slowdown, average wages adjusted rapidly and employment was soon …

2007, formal employment expanded significantly in the country. This paper examines whether these city-level changes in … city level. We exploit unique administrative data on formal employment on different indicators for job and worker flows … GDP and formal employment were growing and informality rates were declining. In contrast, increases in enforcement of …

industry and employment relations are analyzed. The results for the two decades are ambivalent. While there has been a …