Empirical credit demand analysis undertaken at the aggregate level obscures potential behavioral heterogeneity between various borrowing sectors. Looking at disaggregated data and analyzing bank loans to non-financial companies, to financial companies, to households for consumption and for house...

Empirical credit demand analysis undertaken at the aggregate level obscures potential behavioral heterogeneity between various borrowing sectors. Looking at disaggregate data and analyzing bank loans to non-financial companies, financial companies, households for consumption and for house...

In standard error correction models GDP and credit share a long-run cointegration relationship with causality running from GDP to credit. The models are inconclusive about the question whether credit has also a positive impact on GDP. A reason for the mixed effects is the dual nature of credit,...