This is a draft edition of the Poverty Environment Nexus (PEN) report for Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam. The purpose of … unsolved issues faced by the first phase and within the existing PEN literature on Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam. Since the …

resource use and their living conditions may offer little protection from air, water, and soil pollution. At the same time …, poverty-constrained options may induce the poor to deplete resources and degrade the environment at rates that are … reducing the income and livelihoods of the poor. This quot;poverty/environment nexusquot; has become a major issue in the …

Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar were assessed from 1970 to 2019. Results show that the Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) of these …, while Cambodia (7.39 tonnes/capita) and Lao PDR (14.33 tonnes/capita) are amidst the transition to industrial socio … the highest share in Cambodia and Myanmar. The growing affluence in these countries has been the major driver of material …

, farmers, government, and donors. In particular, this work examines contract farming in the Lao PDR and Cambodia and points to … donor resources, private sector endeavors that serve to generate pro-poor growth may be the key to poverty alleviation. …

Poverty-related studies are usually general examinations of the impact of policy reforms or major investments on the … determine the poverty implications of policy initiatives, it is important to stratify households according to income source and … in poverty headcount across income strata. Thus, changes in sector outcomes arising from policy reforms or major …

three low-income members - Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar. These countries are net exporters of rice, similar to their more … competitiveness for poverty reduction and boosted shared prosperity, while achieving other development outcomes such as better … nutrition, climate-smart agriculture, and job creation. Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar are the 'target countries' of this report …