The Baltic Sea states and the European Commission initiated the intergovernmental Baltic Sea Energy Cooperation (BASREC) in 1998 and established it the following year. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the energy productivity change, energy technical change, and energy efficiency...

In this study, we apply Panel Threshold Model (Hansen, 1999) to examine whether there is optimal asset scale for interest spread to affect banks' profits. The empirical results demonstrate the existence of three thresholds, which divide banks into four groups into four groups according to asset...