Several distinct traffic states are identified from real highway traffic data (Kerner and Rehborn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) 4030; Kerner and Rehborn, Phys. Rev. E 53 (1996) R4275; Kerner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 3797; Kerner and Rehborn, Phys. Rev. E 53 (1996) R1297). Influence of on-ramp flux is...

Recent empirical observations show that traffic flow is related to various phase transitions, especially at bottlenecks. This paper studies traffic flow induced by an on-ramp in the Nagel–Schreckenberg model. It is shown that when considering the situation that vehicles on main road and...

We study the congestion on a homogeneous roadway with open boundaries. Three different phases are identified. Both numerical and analytical results are presented. For stationary boundaries, three different flow can be associated with a single density on the fundamental diagram. When the...

Following Yamauchi’s study [A. Yamauchi, J. Tanimoto, A. Hagishima, H. Sagara, Dilemma game structure observed in traffic flow at a 2-to-1 lane junction, Physical Review E 79 (2009) 036104], we find that several social dilemma structures are represented by n-person Prisoner’s Dilemma (n-PD)...

In this paper, an evolution traffic network model considering the influence of the next-nearest neighbor is constructed. Using the model, we focus on studying the topology of the evolution traffic network in order to understand the traffic dynamics better. First, the influence of the...

For constant incoming flow far upstream of a freeway on-ramp, the flow downstream (throughput) and the rate of merging are studied with simulations using a generalized optimal velocity model. For large enough merge rates, a transition to synchronous flow occurs and the throughput is reduced by...

In this paper, the lane reduction bottleneck is investigated using the optimal velocity model, in which two kinds of vehicles (fast and slow) are introduced. The asymmetric lane changing rules in the slowdown section and the lane squeezing behaviors at the bottleneck are taken into account....

Estimation of transportation network capacity is important in analysing network performance. In the existing literature, the capacity of a network is defined in conditional terms as a theoretical construct called “reserve capacity”. This may be limited because, when considering local...

In this paper we numerically study the probability Pac of the occurrence of car accidents in the extended Nagel–Schreckenberg (NS) model in the case of mixture of fast (Vmax1=5) and slow vehicles (Vmax2=1) by taking also to the risky overtaking of fast vehicles. In comparison with previous...

In this paper, we use the FVD (full velocity difference) model to develop a car-following model with consideration of the driver’s attribution. The numerical results show that the proposed model can qualitatively reproduce the effects of the driver’s attribution on each vehicle’s speed,...