Following the importance of energy in the agrarian economies, the investigation of the causal relationship between energy consumption in agriculture sector and economic growth has a fundamental role in implementing suitable policies. This paper examines the causal relationship between energy...

The economy of Arab countries faces an extremely difficult and complex year 2020. The crisis caused by the shock of the Covid-19 alters the production system by a double shock of supply and demand, it is crucial to draw up a first detailed assessment of the ramifications of this crisis, which...