The economy of Arab countries faces an extremely difficult and complex year 2020. The crisis caused by the shock of the Covid-19 alters the production system by a double shock of supply and demand, it is crucial to draw up a first detailed assessment of the ramifications of this crisis, which...

This paper aims to establish the asymmetric effects in the short and long term of cyclical output on Algeria's unemployment rate during the period 1970-2018. To achieve this objective, the "Okun" relation was applied, relying on a NARDL model methodology in the estimation. The main results of...

This paper has two main goals. The first is to estimate the size of the informal economy between 1980 and 2009 in Tunisia. The second objective is to check for the causal relationship from the formal economy to the informal economy. When calculating the size of the informal economy, we were...

The rapid growth of urban population and the development of road infrastructures in Tunisian cities have brought about many environmental and economic problems, including the rise scored in energy consumption and the increase in the quantity of gas emissions arising from road transport. Despite...

This paper aims to establish the asymmetric effects in the short and long term of cyclical output on Algeria's unemployment rate during the period 1970-2018. To achieve this objective, the "Okun" relation was applied, relying on a NARDL model methodology in the estimation. The main results of...